Why x86 Is a Tomorrow Problem
There is a reason x86 platforms are so often chosen at the beginning of embedded projects. They let you move fast. A familiar environment. You can plug a monitor, a mouse, a keyboard, even a hard drive. Minimal setup. A ready-to-use distribution. The system boots quickly, code can be developed natively, and early demos are […]
Embedded AI Does Not Fail Where You Think It Does
There is no shortage of enthusiasm around AI. Models perform well on workstations. Demos look convincing. Early results are promising. And then the model is moved onto the target platform. That is where things begin to drift. Not because the model is wrong. Not because the data science is flawed. But because running a model […]
NXP NPUs: Understanding the Shift
NXP recently introduced their latest i.MX937 Application Processor with on-chip Neural Processing Unit (NPU).It’s the opportunity to sit back and reflect on NXP’s NPU journey since their visionary i.MX8M Plus. I have a soft spot for NXP processors with NPUs. Not because they are the most powerful on paper, but because they operate where embedded […]
Watchdogs: One Concept, Many Meanings
A watchdog in embedded systems is much more than a timer that occasionally forces a reset.From K9 style hardware supervision to software health checks and crash forensics, it is the silent guardian of system integrity. Ask a hardware engineer what a watchdog is and you will probably hear about a timer that resets the system […]
Kr-85: A New Metric for Embedded System Technical Debt
Some design decisions don’t fail loudly.They decay slowly. In embedded systems, some design features deserve a more precise classification. I propose we start qualifying certain embedded design features as “Kr-85.” They’re radioactive, but they don’t explode immediately.They just sit there, slowly contaminating everything ☢️ Half-life: 10 years. The term “technical debt” is too vague.It suggests […]
Fixed Price vs Time & Materials
A company considers hiring an external contractor for development work. The choice between Fixed Price and Time & Materials is examined from that perspective. The discussion often focuses on risk, trust, and budget control. In practice, the real issue is usually something else. The article explains when each model makes sense, and discusses why the […]
Security Is Built, Not Assessed
In the previous article, we explored why risk-based assessment alone does not secure products, and how misusing it can lead to paper security and false closure. This article focuses on the other side of the equation: what engineers actually do when they are responsible for shipping and maintaining real products in hostile environments, without losing […]
Risk-Based Assessment Does Not Secure Products
Recently, I’ve witnessed a growing number of risk-based cybersecurity assessment trainings emerge, while far fewer initiatives focus on practical cybersecurity engineering. As a result, many product owners and decision-makers are trained to think in terms of compliance, certification, and documented risk very early in a project, at the expense of concrete engineering practices that actually […]
The Desk KPI That Reveals Project Health
Walk into any embedded development team and you can often tell whether a project is healthy long before you speak to anyone. Forget the dashboards. Forget the planning meetings. Forget the beautifully formatted KPIs. Look at the desks. Boards with flying wires, improvised jigs, power supplies balanced on top of printouts, instruments left on, multi […]
Beyond the Firewall: From Perimetric to In-Depth Security
Most embedded products start life as proofs of concept, and their security often shows it. This article explains the difference between perimetric and volumetric security, why both are essential, and why cybersecurity must be built-in, not bolted on. Perimetric vs. Volumetric Security in Embedded Systems: Why Both Matter When I get my hands on an […]